{"id":8428,"date":"2021-05-04T13:00:13","date_gmt":"2021-05-04T17:00:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost:10028\/uncategorized\/intro-to-hostile-work-environment-claims\/"},"modified":"2022-08-18T21:16:08","modified_gmt":"2022-08-19T01:16:08","slug":"%e6%95%8c%e5%af%b9%e5%b7%a5%e4%bd%9c%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%e7%b4%a2%e8%b5%94%e7%ae%80%e4%bb%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/zh\/article\/%e6%95%8c%e5%af%b9%e5%b7%a5%e4%bd%9c%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%e7%b4%a2%e8%b5%94%e7%ae%80%e4%bb%8b\/","title":{"rendered":"\u654c\u5bf9\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u7d22\u8d54\u4ecb\u7ecd"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5145\u6ee1\u654c\u610f\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u4f1a\u59a8\u788d\u60a8\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5b8c\u6210\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u4e0b\u964d\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u6ee1\u610f\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u96c7\u4e3b\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u51cf\u5c11\u3002\u66f4\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u6bd2\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u4f1a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5982074\/#:~:text=Toxic%20behaviors%20in%20the%20workplace,lowered%20employee%20productivity%20%5B10%5D.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5a01\u80c1\u5458\u5de5\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u6709\u5173\u7ebd\u7ea6\u6076\u52a3\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u7d22\u8d54\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u53d1\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u5904\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u63d0\u51fa\u6b64\u7c7b\u7d22\u8d54\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u654c\u5bf9\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\uff1f<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u654c\u5bf9\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u540c\u4e8b\u3001\u7ecf\u7406\u6216\u4e3b\u7ba1\u7684\u6b67\u89c6\u884c\u4e3a\u56e0\u8650\u5f85\u6216\u6050\u5413\u800c\u5bf9\u5458\u5de5\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u80fd\u529b\u4ea7\u751f\u8d1f\u9762\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u5458\u5de5\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u573a\u6240\u8425\u9020\u654c\u5bf9\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u654c\u5bf9\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\uff1f<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5145\u6ee1\u654c\u610f\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u6109\u5feb\u7684\u8001\u677f\u6216\u4e0d\u6109\u5feb\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u573a\u6240\u3002\u4e0d\u6109\u5feb\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\u7c97\u9c81\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e0d\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u5145\u6ee1\u654c\u610f\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5176\u4ed6\u4e0d\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u654c\u5bf9\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u60a8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5e94\u5f97\u7684\u664b\u5347\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7f3a\u4e4f\u798f\u5229\u3001\u8ba4\u53ef\u3001\u7279\u6743\u3001\u6d25\u8d34\u6216\u56e2\u961f\u5408\u4f5c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u867d\u7136\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4f1a\u7ed9\u60a8\u4e2a\u4eba\u5e26\u6765\u4e0d\u5c3d\u5982\u4eba\u610f\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u654c\u5bf9\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u7d22\u8d54\u63d0\u4f9b\u8bba\u636e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u6b67\u89c6\u3001\u9a9a\u6270\u6216\u8650\u5f85\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u654c\u5bf9\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u662f\u975e\u6cd5\u7684\uff1f<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5145\u6ee1\u654c\u610f\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u5728\u6d89\u53ca\u57fa\u4e8e\u60a8\u7684\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6b67\u89c6\u6216\u9a9a\u6270\u65f6\u4fb5\u72af\u4e86\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u6027\u53d6\u5411<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u79cd\u65cf<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5b97\u6559<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u56fd\u7c4d<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u6027\u522b<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u662f\u53d7\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u7279\u5f81<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dol.gov\/agencies\/eta\/apprenticeship\/eeo\/protected\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u5e73\u7b49\u5c31\u4e1a\u673a\u4f1a (EEO)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u51c6\u5219\u548c\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u8054\u90a6\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eeoc.gov\/statutes\/title-vii-civil-rights-act-1964\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1964 \u5e74\u6c11\u6743\u6cd5\u6848<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\uff0c\u8fd8\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u654c\u5bf9\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5728<\/span><a href=\"\/zh\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u90a3\u4e0d\u52d2\u65af Shkolnik \u5f8b\u5e08\u4e8b\u52a1\u6240<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e2e\u52a9\u56e0\u6b67\u89c6\u3001\u6027\u9a9a\u6270\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e0d\u5f53\u884c\u4e3a\u800c\u5728\u654c\u5bf9\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u906d\u53d7\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u5458\u5de5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u83b7\u5f97\u6b63\u4e49\u3002\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bc1\u636e\u6765\u63d0\u51fa\u6076\u52a3\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u7d22\u8d54\uff1f<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u63d0\u51fa\u6210\u529f\u7684\u654c\u5bf9\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u7d22\u8d54\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u63d0\u4f9b\u7d22\u8d54\u8bc1\u660e\u662f\u60a8\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u5de5\u4f5c\u573a\u6240\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u5fc5\u987b\u666e\u904d\u4e14\u4e25\u9177\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5f53\u3002\u3002\u3002\u7684\u65f6\u5019 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eeoc.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5e73\u7b49\u5c31\u4e1a\u673a\u4f1a\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a (EEOC)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u5ba1\u67e5\u60a8\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u786e\u5b9a\u60a8\u7684\u6307\u63a7\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6548\u3002\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e9b\u884c\u52a8\u6765\u6536\u96c6\u8bc1\u636e\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u7d22\u8d54\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u54ea\u4e2a\u5458\u5de5\u8bf4\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ee5\u53ca\u60a8\u5982\u4f55\u56de\u5e94\u3002\u4fdd\u5b58\u53ef\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0e\u60c5\u51b5\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u4f7f\u7528\u8d35\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u6295\u8bc9\u7cfb\u7edf\u62a5\u544a\u9a9a\u6270\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8650\u5f85\u6216\u9a9a\u6270\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u4e3e\u62a5\u3002 \uff08\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u53d7\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u60a8\u7684\u96c7\u4e3b\u4e0d\u80fd\u56e0\u60a8\u901a\u8fc7\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u6e20\u9053\u8fdb\u884c\u4e3e\u62a5\u800c\u5bf9\u60a8\u8fdb\u884c\u62a5\u590d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u56e0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u800c\u906d\u5230\u62a5\u590d\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u52a0\u5f3a\u60a8\u7684\u6848\u5b50\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4e0d\u5f53\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u6cd5\u5730\u8bb0\u5f55\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u60a8\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\uff1b\u7ebd\u7ea6\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53ea\u8981\u6c42\u5f55\u97f3\u83b7\u5f97\u5355\u65b9\u8bb8\u53ef\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u53ea\u8981\u88ab\u5f55\u97f3\u7684\u4eba\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u60a8\uff09\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u88ab\u5f55\u97f3\u5e76\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u5c31\u5141\u8bb8\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c <\/span><a href=\"\/zh\/article\/%e6%88%91%e5%ba%94%e8%af%a5%e7%a7%98%e5%af%86%e8%ae%b0%e5%bd%95%e5%b7%a5%e4%bd%9c%e5%9c%ba%e6%89%80%e9%aa%9a%e6%89%b0%e4%ba%8b%e4%bb%b6\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5728\u5bf9\u65b9\u4e0d\u77e5\u60c5\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5f55\u97f3<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u88ab\u63a8\u8350\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u5f55\u97f3\u4e2d\u5b9e\u9645\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5728\u5f55\u5236\u97f3\u9891\u6216\u89c6\u9891\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u54a8\u8be2\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u58eb\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5bfb\u6c42\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5efa\u8bae\u3002\u4e13\u4e1a\u5f8b\u5e08\u5c06\u80fd\u591f\u68c0\u67e5\u60a8\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u5efa\u7acb\u6848\u5b50\u5e76\u4e86\u89e3\u60a8\u7684\u7d22\u8d54\u9700\u8981\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u5728 <\/span><a href=\"\/zh\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u90a3\u4e0d\u52d2\u65af\u4ec0\u79d1\u5c14\u5c3c\u514b<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5728\u4f60\u8eab\u8fb9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u968f\u65f6\u51c6\u5907\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u83b7\u5f97\u6b63\u4e49\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5168\u56fd\u4fe1\u8d56\u7684 <\/span><a href=\"\/zh\/%e7%bb%83%e4%b9%a0%e5%8c%ba\/%e5%a4%8d%e6%9d%82%e7%9a%84%e5%95%86%e4%b8%9a%e8%af%89%e8%ae%bc\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u7ebd\u7ea6\u96c6\u4f53\u8bc9\u8bbc\u5f8b\u5e08<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u7cbe\u901a\u6027\u9a9a\u6270\u6848\u4ef6\u3001\u6c11\u6743\u7ea0\u7eb7\u7b49\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u4e3a\u60a8\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\u8fa9\u62a4\u5e76\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u83b7\u5f97\u6700\u4f73\u7ed3\u679c\u3002 <\/span><a href=\"\/zh\/%e8%81%94%e7%b3%bb%e6%88%91%e4%bb%ac\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u8054\u7cfb\u6211\u4eec<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 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