{"id":7569,"date":"2018-04-17T10:32:46","date_gmt":"2018-04-17T14:32:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost:10028\/uncategorized\/what-exactly-are-occupational-diseases\/"},"modified":"2022-08-18T21:26:10","modified_gmt":"2022-08-19T01:26:10","slug":"%e8%81%8c%e4%b8%9a%e7%97%85%e5%88%b0%e5%ba%95%e6%98%af%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/zh\/article\/%e8%81%8c%e4%b8%9a%e7%97%85%e5%88%b0%e5%ba%95%e6%98%af%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88\/","title":{"rendered":"\u804c\u4e1a\u75c5\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u804c\u4e1a\u75c5\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5de5\u4f5c\u6216\u804c\u4e1a\u6d3b\u52a8\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6162\u6027\u75be\u75c5\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u804c\u4e1a\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u5f53\u8868\u660e\u804c\u4e1a\u75c5\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u5de5\u4eba\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u6bd4\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u7fa4\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u4eba\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u66f4\u666e\u904d\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u786e\u5b9a\u804c\u4e1a\u75c5\u3002 1775 \u5e74\uff0c\u73c0\u897f\u74e6\u5c14\u00b7\u6ce2\u7279\u7235\u58eb (Sir Percival Pott) \u5728\u626b\u70df\u56f1\u7684\u7537\u5b69\u8eab\u4e0a\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u5373\u9634\u56ca\u9cde\u72b6\u7ec6\u80de\u764c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5177\u6709\u521b\u4f24\u6027\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u5371\u5bb3\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5c4b\u9876\u5de5\u4eba\u8dcc\u5012\uff09\u4e0d\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u804c\u4e1a\u75c5\u3002 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rel=\"noopener\">\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u804c\u4e1a\u75c5\u5b98\u65b9\u6e05\u5355<\/h2>\n<p>\u201c\u65b0\u6e05\u5355\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u56fd\u9645\u516c\u8ba4\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u75c5\uff0c\u4ece\u5316\u5b66\u3001\u7269\u7406\u548c\u751f\u7269\u5236\u5242\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u5230\u547c\u5438\u9053\u548c\u76ae\u80a4\u75c5\u3001\u808c\u8089\u9aa8\u9abc\u75be\u75c5\u548c\u804c\u4e1a\u6027\u764c\u75c7\u3002\u7cbe\u795e\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u969c\u788d\u9996\u6b21\u88ab\u660e\u786e\u5217\u5165\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6e05\u5355\u3002\u8be5\u6e05\u5355\u5728\u6d89\u53ca\u4e0a\u8ff0\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6709\u672a\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u66b4\u9732\u4e8e\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d3b\u52a8\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u56e0\u7d20\u4e0e\u5de5\u4eba\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u5219\u5f00\u653e\u9879\u76ee\u5141\u8bb8\u8bc6\u522b\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u672a\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u8d77\u6e90\u3002\u4e09\u65b9\u4e13\u5bb6\u7528\u4e8e\u51b3\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u75be\u75c5\u88ab\u5217\u5165\u66f4\u65b0\u6e05\u5355\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5305\u62ec\uff1a 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rel=\"noopener\">\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6b64\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u72b6\u51b5\u3001\u969c\u788d\u548c\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7531\u5316\u5b66\u8bd5\u5242\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u75be\u75c5 - \u5305\u62ec\u94cd\uff0c <a href=\"\/zh\/%e7%bb%83%e4%b9%a0%e5%8c%ba\/%e5%8a%b3%e5%8a%a8%e8%80%85%e6%8a%a5%e9%85%ac\/%e8%8b%af%e6%9a%b4%e9%9c%b2%e5%b8%b8%e8%a7%81%e9%97%ae%e9%a2%98%e8%a7%a3%e7%ad%94\/\">\u82ef<\/a>\u3001\u78f7\u3001\u94ec\u3001\u7837\u3001\u6c5e\u3001\u954d\u3001\u94c5\u3001\u78b3\u7b49\u7b49<\/li>\n<li>\u7531\u77ff\u7269\u8d28\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u7d20\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u75be\u75c5 - \u5305\u62ec\u4e59\u4e8c\u9187\u3001\u916e\u3001\u4e19\u70ef\u8148\u3001\u94ca\u3001\u94dc\u3001\u9521\u3001\u950c\u3001\u94c2\u3001\u6c28\u3001\u786b\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u7b49<\/li>\n<li>\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u2014\u2014\u5305\u62ec\u6740\u866b\u5242\u3001\u5316\u80a5\u3001\u6cb9\u6f06\u3001\u6eb6\u5242\u3001\u6c7d\u6cb9\u3001\u6cb9\u3001\u9152\u7cbe\u3001\u6f02\u767d\u5242\u3001 <a href=\"\/zh\/%e7%bb%83%e4%b9%a0%e5%8c%ba\/%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%e8%af%89%e8%ae%bc\/%e5%9c%86%e5%bd%a2%e5%8c%96%e5%ad%a6%e5%86%9c%e8%8d%af%e6%b7%8b%e5%b7%b4%e7%98%a4%e8%bf%9e%e6%8e%a5\/\">\u9664\u8349\u5242<\/a>\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5f88\u591a\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7269\u7406\u56e0\u7d20\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u2014\u2014 <a href=\"\/zh\/%e7%bb%83%e4%b9%a0%e5%8c%ba\/%e5%8a%b3%e5%8a%a8%e8%80%85%e6%8a%a5%e9%85%ac\/%e8%81%8c%e4%b8%9a%e6%80%a7%e5%90%ac%e5%8a%9b%e6%8d%9f%e5%a4%b1\/\">\u542c\u529b\u53d7\u635f<\/a> \u5de5\u4f5c\u573a\u6240\u566a\u97f3\u3001\u632f\u52a8\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u538b\u7f29\u6216\u51cf\u538b\u7a7a\u6c14\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u4e0e\u7535\u79bb\u8f90\u5c04\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u66b4\u9732\u4e8e\u7d2b\u5916\u7ebf\u3001\u53ef\u89c1\u5149\u3001\u7ea2\u5916\u7ebf\u8f90\u5c04\u4ee5\u53ca\u66b4\u9732\u4e8e\u6781\u7aef\u6e29\u5ea6\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u751f\u7269\u5236\u5242\u548c\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u6216\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u75c5\u2014\u2014\u5305\u62ec\u5e03\u9c81\u6c0f\u83cc\u75c5\u3001\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2\u3001HIV\u3001\u7834\u4f24\u98ce\u3001\u80ba\u7ed3\u6838\u3001\u4e2d\u6bd2\u6216\u708e\u75c7\u7efc\u5408\u5f81\u3001\u70ad\u75bd\u3001\u94a9\u7aef\u87ba\u65cb\u4f53\u75c5\u3001\u95f4\u76ae\u7624\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u547c\u5438\u7cfb\u7edf\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u76ae\u80a4\u75c5\u3001\u808c\u8089\u75c5\u3001\u9aa8\u9abc\u75c5\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u969c\u788d\u3001\u8840\u6db2\u5faa\u73af\u969c\u788d\u3001\u764c\u75c7\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u83b7\u5f97\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9<\/h2>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u6700\u7ec8\u906d\u53d7\u804c\u4e1a\u75c5\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6545\u4e8b\u4e2d\u6700\u53ef\u60b2\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u5728\u53d7\u4f24\u540e\u5b66\u4f1a\u751f\u5b58\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5bb6\u4eba\u5e38\u5e38\u96be\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e94\u5f97\u548c\u8feb\u5207\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u51e0\u5e74\u524d\u6765\u81ea\u5bbe\u5915\u6cd5\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5dde\u5170\u5f00\u65af\u7279\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6545\u4e8b\u7a81\u51fa\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u60b2\u60e8\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a\u201c\u627e\u5230\u5409\u6069\u00b7\u5e93\u73c0\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u635f\u5bb3\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u5927\u8111\u5e76\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u624b\u8bc1\u636e\u662f\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u8fd9\u53ea\u7528\u4e86\u4ed6\u59bb\u5b50\u56db\u5e74\u3001\u516b\u4f4d\u533b\u751f\u548c\u81f3\u5c11\u5341\u51e0\u6b21\u68c0\u67e5\u3002\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u8ba9\u4ed6\u7684\u524d\u96c7\u4e3b\u4ed8\u94b1\u3002\u6851\u5fb7\u62c9\u00b7\u5e93\u73c0 (Sandra Cooper) \u4ee3\u8868\u4e08\u592b\u63d0\u51fa\u5de5\u4f24\u8d54\u507f\u8981\u6c42\u540e\u516b\u5e74\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e86\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7 4.5 \u5e74\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\uff0c\u5979\u83b7\u80dc\u4e86\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u4e00\u540d\u6cd5\u5b98\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u5bb6\u5730\u677f\u5382\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u63a5\u89e6\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u662f\u5409\u6069\u00b7\u5e93\u73c0 (Gene Cooper) \u7684\u539f\u56e0\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u806a\u660e\u7236\u4eb2\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u53e4\u602a\u7684\u5e7d\u9ed8\u611f\u2014\u2014\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u540d\u7597\u517b\u9662\u7684\u75c5\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f53\u4ed6\u7684\u5bb6\u4eba\u6765\u8bbf\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f1a\u8bf4\u8bdd\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u8fd8\u4f1a\u76ef\u7740\u592a\u7a7a\u770b\u3002\u90a3\u662f 2012 \u5e74\u3002\u6851\u5fb7\u62c9\u00b7\u5e93\u73c0 (Sandra Cooper) \u5728\u4ed6\u53bb\u4e16\u5c06\u8fd1\u4e24\u5e74\u540e\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u4ecd\u5728\u52aa\u529b\u5f25\u8865\u533b\u7597\u8d39\u7528\u548c\u5de5\u8d44\u635f\u5931\u201d(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.slate.com\/articles\/news_and_politics\/politics\/2015\/11\/workers_comp_is_failing_to_pay_victims_of_occupational_disease_center_for.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u77f3\u677f<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5e2e\u52a9\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u548c\u60a8\u7684\u5bb6\u4eba\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8bf7\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684 <a href=\"\/zh\/%e7%bb%83%e4%b9%a0%e5%8c%ba\/%e5%8a%b3%e5%8a%a8%e8%80%85%e6%8a%a5%e9%85%ac\/\">\u5de5\u4f24\u8d54\u507f\u5f8b\u5e08<\/a> 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