{"id":6644,"date":"2016-04-20T19:07:53","date_gmt":"2016-04-20T23:07:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost:10028\/uncategorized\/civil-rights-cases\/"},"modified":"2016-04-20T19:07:53","modified_gmt":"2016-04-20T23:07:53","slug":"%e6%b0%91%e6%9d%83%e6%a1%88%e4%bb%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/zh\/article\/%e6%b0%91%e6%9d%83%e6%a1%88%e4%bb%b6\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6c11\u6743\u6848\u4ef6"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u7ecf\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u88ab\u8b66\u5bdf\u62d8\u7559\u7684\u4eba\u53d7\u4f24\u3002\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u8b66\u5bdf\u901a\u8fc7\u8981\u6c42\u4ed6\u4eec\u8eba\u5728\u5730\u4e0a\u6765\u902e\u6355\u67d0\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u662f\u548c\u5e73\u7684\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u6545\uff0c\u4f46\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8b66\u5bdf\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ee5\u635f\u4f24\u97e7\u5e26\u3001\u6495\u88c2\u808c\u8089\u6216\u9aa8\u6298\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u62b1\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u52a8\u662f <a href=\"http:\/\/scholarship.law.duke.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1417&amp;context=faculty_scholarship\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u5355\u7eaf\u7684\u758f\u5ffd<\/a>, \u8be5\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u6839\u636e\u57fa\u4e8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u8fc7\u5931\u8bc9\u8bbc\u539f\u56e0\u5bfb\u6c42\u635f\u5bb3\u8d54\u507f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5fc5\u7136\u6d89\u53ca\u653f\u5e9c\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u539f\u544a\u9700\u8981\u6ee1\u8db3\u989d\u5916\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u624d\u80fd\u8d77\u8bc9\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u653f\u5e9c\u884c\u4e3a\u8005\u4e0e <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fed-soc.org\/publications\/detail\/municipal-liability-under-section-1983-the-importance-of-state-law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6545\u610f\u51b7\u6f20<\/a> \u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5baa\u6cd5\u6743\u5229\u3002\u53d1\u751f\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u653f\u5e9c\u884c\u4e3a\u8005\u4ee5\u53ca\u96c7\u7528\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u5b9e\u4f53\u53ef\u80fd\u8981\u627f\u62c5\u4e2a\u4eba\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u56fd\u4f1a\u521b\u9020\u4e86 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/42\/1983\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">42 USC \u00a7 1983<\/a> \u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u591a\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5e76\u5141\u8bb8\u53d7\u5bb3\u4eba\u4e3a\u75db\u82e6\u548c\u75db\u82e6\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ecf\u6d4e\u635f\u5931\u6536\u53d6\u8d39\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5e02\u6c11\u88ab\u8b66\u5bdf\u4f24\u5bb3\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u4f9d\u636e\u3002\u8981\u6839\u636e 1983 \u5e74\u7684\u8bc9\u8bbc\u5bfb\u6c42\u635f\u5bb3\u8d54\u507f\uff0c\u539f\u544a\u5fc5\u987b\u8bc1\u660e\u4ed6\u4eec\u88ab\u5265\u593a\u4e86\u8054\u90a6\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6216\u8054\u90a6\u5baa\u6cd5\u6240\u4fdd\u969c\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e3a\u516c\u5171\u673a\u6784\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e3e\u62a5\u4eba\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u51fa\u516c\u4f17\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u800c\u906d\u5230\u653f\u5e9c\u62a5\u590d\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e 1983 \u5e74\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u5bfb\u6c42\u635f\u5bb3\u8d54\u507f\uff0c\u7406\u7531\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u6743\u5229\u53d7\u5230\u4fb5\u72af\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8b66\u65b9\u9519\u8bef\u902e\u6355\uff0c\u88ab\u9519\u8bef\u902e\u6355\u7684\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7406\u7531\u5bfb\u6c42\u635f\u5bb3\u8d54\u507f <a href=\"\/zh\/%e7%bb%83%e4%b9%a0%e5%8c%ba\/%e5%85%ac%e6%b0%91%e6%9d%83%e5%88%a9\/false-imprisonment\/\">\u975e\u6cd5\u76d1\u7981<\/a> \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u641c\u67e5\u548c\u6263\u62bc\u3002\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u8b66\u5bdf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u516c\u6b63\u8d54\u507f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5265\u593a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u8d22\u4ea7\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6ca1\u6709\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u62d8\u7559\u7684\u4eba\u83b7\u5f97\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u533b\u7597\u7167\u987e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6743\u5229\u6e90\u4e8e\u8054\u90a6\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u60a8\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u8054\u90a6\u6cd5\u9662\u5c31\u6b64\u4e8b\u63d0\u8d77\u8bc9\u8bbc\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u60a8\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u6839\u636e\u5dde\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5bfb\u6c42\u5176\u4ed6\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7406\u7531\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002\u4e5f\u8bb8\u60a8\u6839\u636e\u56fd\u5bb6\u9488\u5bf9\u60a8\u6240\u505a\u7684\u865a\u5047\u548c\u8bfd\u8c24\u6027\u9648\u8ff0\u5bf9\u4eba\u683c\u884c\u4e3a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6709\u6548\u7684\u8bfd\u8c24\u3002\u8054\u90a6\u6cd5\u9662\u6839\u636e\u672a\u51b3\u7ba1\u8f96\u6743\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e3b\u5f20\u7ba1\u8f96\u6743\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b9e\u4f53\u5dde\u6cd5\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8054\u90a6\u8d4e\u56de\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6743\u5229\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0e\u5dde\u6cd5\u9662\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5141\u8bb8\u539f\u544a\u5bfb\u6c42\u8865\u507f\u6027\u548c\u60e9\u7f5a\u6027\u635f\u5bb3\u8d54\u507f\u3002\u7531\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u83b7\u5956\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u65f6\u5019\u653f\u5e9c\u884c\u4e3a\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u6743 <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1177\/0032885514524731\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u5408\u683c\u7684\u8c41\u514d\u6743<\/a> \u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6216\u60a8\u6240\u7231\u7684\u4eba\u56e0\u56fd\u5bb6\u884c\u4e3a\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u4f24\u5bb3\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u5bb6\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5f8b\u5e08\u4e8b\u52a1\u6240\u7ad9\u5728\u60a8\u8fd9\u8fb9\u3002\u7684\u5f8b\u5e08 <a href=\"\">Napoli, Shkolnik, <\/a> \u6709\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u80fd\u529b\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u65f6\u671f\u4ee3\u8868\u4f60\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u62e8\u6253 212-397-1000 \u6216\u8005\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u586b\u5199\u6211\u4eec\u7684 <a href=\"\/zh\/%e8%81%94%e7%b3%bb%e6%88%91%e4%bb%ac\/\">\u5728\u7ebf\u8054\u7cfb\u65b9\u5f0f<\/a> \u6240\u4ee5\u6709\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u8054\u7cfb\u4f60\u3002<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>It happens often enough that people within the custody of the police get hurt. Sometimes the police arrest somebody by requiring them to lay on the ground, which they do&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6645,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[775],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6644","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-personal-injury"],"acf":[],"page_builder_type":"gutenberg","gutenberg_data":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6644","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6644"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6644\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6645"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6644"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6644"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6644"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}