{"id":8240,"date":"2020-08-03T12:00:52","date_gmt":"2020-08-03T16:00:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost:10028\/uncategorized\/healthcare-protected-from-liability-during-covid\/"},"modified":"2022-08-18T21:16:09","modified_gmt":"2022-08-19T01:16:09","slug":"saglik-korumali-sorumluluk-sirasinda-covid","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/tr\/article\/saglik-korumali-sorumluluk-sirasinda-covid\/","title":{"rendered":"COVID-19'da Sorumluluktan Korunan Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

COVID-19 salg\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131ndan bu yana, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda sa\u011fl\u0131k sistemleri muazzam bir bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda. Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri'nde sa\u011fl\u0131k uzmanlar\u0131, s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131 kullan\u0131rken \u00e7ok say\u0131da hastaya bak\u0131m yapma konusunda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir bask\u0131 alt\u0131na girmekle kalm\u0131yor, ayn\u0131 zamanda sorumluluk risklerini de g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurmalar\u0131 gerekiyor.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu kriz s\u0131ras\u0131nda bak\u0131m sa\u011flanmas\u0131, devletlerin, sa\u011fl\u0131k uzmanlar\u0131n\u0131n yo\u011fun bak\u0131m yataklar\u0131 ve ventilat\u00f6rler gibi s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131 kullan\u0131rken yasal olarak hastalara \u00f6ncelik vermesine olanak tan\u0131yan ve ayr\u0131ca hastanelere y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklere kar\u015f\u0131 daha geni\u015f bir koruma sa\u011flayan Kriz Bak\u0131m Standartlar\u0131n\u0131 (CSC) etkinle\u015ftirmeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmesine neden oldu.<\/span><\/p>\n

CSC ayr\u0131ca COVID-19 salg\u0131n\u0131 gibi bir halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 krizi s\u0131ras\u0131nda talebi kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in sa\u011fl\u0131k tesislerinin, personelinin ve malzemelerinin yeniden tahsis edilmesine izin verir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Arizona ilk ve tek eyalettir.<\/span><\/a> bu yaz\u0131 itibariyle CSC'yi etkinle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in ve ABD tarihinde bunu yapan ilk devlet. CSC'nin etkinle\u015ftirilmesi karar\u0131, artan miktarda devlet sa\u011fl\u0131k kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucunda 29 Haziran'da a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131; o s\u0131rada Arizona'n\u0131n yo\u011fun bak\u0131m \u00fcnitesi yataklar\u0131n\u0131n 91%'si doldu ve eyalette yaln\u0131zca 156 yo\u011fun bak\u0131m yata\u011f\u0131 bo\u015f kald\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Di\u011fer eyaletler hen\u00fcz ayn\u0131 \u015feyi yapmam\u0131\u015f olsa da, Arizona'n\u0131n CSC'yi etkinle\u015ftirme karar\u0131, durumun yo\u011funlu\u011funu ve t\u0131bbi hizmet sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n mevcut kriz s\u0131ras\u0131nda hasta tedavisi i\u00e7in karar verme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne sahip olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurguluyor.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u0131p uzmanlar\u0131, hastalara zarar veren suistimal veya ihmalden sorumlu tutulabilir ve sorumlu tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bununla birlikte, \u00f6zellikle COVID-19'un s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fen ko\u015fullar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, bir dava riski, baz\u0131 durumlarda doktorlar\u0131n hastalar\u0131 tedavi etmek i\u00e7in yeterince h\u0131zl\u0131 hareket etmesini zorla\u015ft\u0131rabilir. Arizona'n\u0131n CSC'yi etkinle\u015ftirmesine ek olarak, \u00fclke genelinde sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmeti sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in ba\u015fka \u00f6nlemler de al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Federal Sorumluluk Korumalar\u0131<\/span><\/h2>\n

24 Mart'tan itibaren Sa\u011fl\u0131k ve \u0130nsani Hizmetler Bakan\u0131 (HHS) <\/span>s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 dokunulmazl\u0131k<\/span><\/a> COVID-19 ile sava\u015fmak i\u00e7in t\u0131bbi m\u00fcdahale sa\u011flayan profesyoneller i\u00e7in belirli haks\u0131z fiil y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nisan ay\u0131nda, Koronavir\u00fcs Yard\u0131m, Yard\u0131m ve Ekonomik G\u00fcvenlik Yasas\u0131 (CARES Yasas\u0131) kabul edildi. Bu yasa \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir: <\/span>sorumluluk korumas\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in \u00f6nlemler<\/span><\/a> COVID-19 acil durumlar\u0131na yan\u0131t veren lisansl\u0131 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc sa\u011fl\u0131k uzmanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in. Bu korumalar cezai suiistimal, a\u011f\u0131r ihmal veya alkol ve keyif verici uyu\u015fturucular gibi maddelerin etkisi alt\u0131nda bak\u0131m sa\u011flama durumlar\u0131nda ge\u00e7erli de\u011fildir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131na sorumlulu\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 koruma sa\u011flayan di\u011fer federal d\u00fczenlemeler aras\u0131nda 1997 tarihli G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc Koruma Yasas\u0131 (VPA) ve Kamusal Haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve Acil Durum Haz\u0131rl\u0131k Yasas\u0131 (PREP Yasas\u0131) bulunmaktad\u0131r. VPA, h\u00fck\u00fcmet organlar\u0131 ve kar amac\u0131 g\u00fctmeyen kurulu\u015flar alt\u0131ndaki g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcleri korurken, PREP Yasas\u0131, HHS Sekreteri taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan beyanlara g\u00f6re bak\u0131m sa\u011flayan sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131na geni\u015f koruma sa\u011flar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca, \u00fccretsiz kliniklerde g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olan sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131, klinik g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcye sponsor olmay\u0131 kabul etti\u011fi s\u00fcrece, 1996 tarihli Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sigortas\u0131 Ta\u015f\u0131nabilirlik ve Sorumluluk Yasas\u0131'n\u0131n (HIPAA) bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan korunmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Devlet Sorumluluk Korumalar\u0131<\/span><\/h2>\n

Bahsedilen federal d\u00fczenlemelere ek olarak, eyaletler bireysel olarak t\u0131bbi uygulamalar\u0131 d\u00fczenlemekten sorumludur. Bu nedenle, sa\u011fl\u0131k uzmanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in mevcut olan korumalar eyaletten eyalete de\u011fi\u015fir. Amerikan Tabipler Birli\u011fi (AMA), mevcut korumalardaki bo\u015fluklar\u0131 doldurmak i\u00e7in eyaletlerin yasalar\u0131 hekim sorumlulu\u011funu da kapsayacak \u015fekilde geni\u015fletmesi gerekti\u011fini tavsiye ediyor.<\/span><\/p>\n

Eyaletlerin sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmeti sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131na sorumluluktan koruma sa\u011flama yollar\u0131ndan baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n

1. \u0130yi Samiriyeli Kanunlar\u0131\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u015eu anda 50 eyaletin hepsinde, bir kaza mahallinde yaral\u0131 veya hasta ki\u015filere makul yard\u0131m sa\u011flayan sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131 koruyan iyi bir Samiriyeli yasas\u0131 mevcuttur. Bu t\u00fcr bir t\u00fcz\u00fck ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta doktorlar\u0131 normal ofislerinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda t\u0131bbi yard\u0131m verirken sorumluluktan korumak i\u00e7in olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur, ancak belirli ko\u015fullarda COVID-19 krizinden etkilenen hastalara yan\u0131t veren sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131na bir miktar koruma sa\u011flayabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

2. Kompaktlar<\/span><\/h3>\n

S\u00f6zle\u015fmeler, ilan edilen bir acil duruma yan\u0131t veren g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcleri, belirli bir anla\u015fman\u0131n belirli ko\u015fullar\u0131 alt\u0131nda koruyabilir. S\u00f6zle\u015fmeye bir \u00f6rnek, hem\u015firelerin tek bir eyalet yerine birka\u00e7 farkl\u0131 eyalette tedavi sunmak i\u00e7in tek bir \u00e7ok eyaletli lisans kullanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan Hem\u015fire Lisans S\u00f6zle\u015fmesidir. Bu, daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck COVID-19 hastas\u0131 yo\u011funlu\u011funa sahip b\u00f6lgelerdeki sa\u011fl\u0131k personelinin daha fazla etkilenen b\u00f6lgelere yard\u0131m sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in seyahat etmesine izin verebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

3. \u00dcniforma Acil Durum G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc Sa\u011fl\u0131k Uygulay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 Yasas\u0131 (UEVHPA)\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n

Bu yasa, acil bir duruma g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olarak m\u00fcdahale eden eyalet d\u0131\u015f\u0131 lisanslara sahip sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131na koruma sa\u011flar. Bununla birlikte, k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131 vard\u0131r; \u00f6rne\u011fin, yaln\u0131zca acil bir durumda veya \u00f6nceden kay\u0131tl\u0131 olan eyalet d\u0131\u015f\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131k uzmanlar\u0131n\u0131 kapsar.<\/span><\/p>\n

COVID-19 S\u0131ras\u0131nda Sorumluluk ve T\u0131bbi Hatal\u0131 Uygulama<\/span><\/h2>\n

Bu t\u00fcr yasalar ve yasalar, doktorlar\u0131n ve di\u011fer sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n COVID-19 gibi krizler s\u0131ras\u0131nda kovu\u015fturma korkusuyla hastalar\u0131na zaman\u0131nda bak\u0131m sa\u011flamalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak amac\u0131yla \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Napoli Shkolnik, bu kriz s\u0131ras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck ki\u015fisel risk ve fedakarl\u0131klarla halk\u0131 \u00f6nemseyen sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmeti sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 destekliyor. Bununla birlikte, t\u00fcm t\u0131p uzmanlar\u0131 bu kadar iyi niyetli de\u011fildir ve sa\u011fl\u0131k profesyonellerinin, hastalara zarar veren a\u011f\u0131r suistimal veya ihmalden sorumlu tutulmalar\u0131 gerekir. Napoli Shkolnik deneyimli sa\u011flayabilir <\/span>t\u0131bbi uygulama hatas\u0131 avukat\u0131<\/span><\/a> ihmal veya di\u011fer suistimal \u015feklinde t\u0131bbi uygulama hatas\u0131 kurban\u0131 olan herkes i\u00e7in.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu t\u00fcr yanl\u0131\u015f uygulama \u00f6rnekleri aras\u0131nda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki durumlar yer al\u0131r: <\/span>sahte COVID-19 testlerini te\u015fvik eden doktorlar<\/span><\/a> veya genel halk i\u00e7in "tedavi". Bu t\u00fcr vakalar, acil durum veya herhangi bir sorumluluk yasas\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda korunmaz ve su\u00e7lular, sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmeti sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olarak konumlar\u0131n\u0131 hastalar\u0131na kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak zarar vermek i\u00e7in kullanmaktan yarg\u0131lanabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

En Son New York Huzurevi Mevzuat\u0131<\/span><\/h2>\n

23 Temmuz'da New York milletvekilleri, eyaletteki huzurevleri ve hastanelere tan\u0131nan geni\u015f dokunulmazl\u0131klar\u0131n geri al\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in oy kulland\u0131. Vatanda\u015flar, korumalar\u0131n teorik olarak, \u00f6len sevdiklerinin aile \u00fcyeleri taraf\u0131ndan getirilen iddialar\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilece\u011finden endi\u015fe duyuyorlar. <\/span>COVID-19<\/span><\/a> Bir tesisin ihmalinden dolay\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ailelerin ve sevdiklerinin, \u00f6zellikle belirsiz ve s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fen zamanlarda yasal haklar\u0131n\u0131 anlamalar\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Yasal ortam, yerel y\u00f6netimin pandemiyi mevzuat yoluyla ele alma giri\u015fimlerine yan\u0131t olarak geli\u015fmeye devam ediyor.<\/span><\/p>\n

Joseph Ciaccio<\/span><\/a>Napoli Shkolnik Huzurevi Dava Departman\u0131 y\u00f6netici orta\u011f\u0131 , \u015fu yorumu yap\u0131yor: \u201cE\u011fer bir huzurevi COVID-19 salg\u0131n\u0131na haz\u0131rl\u0131k veya m\u00fcdahalede ihmalkar davrand\u0131ysa, bu nedenle ac\u0131 \u00e7eken ve hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybedenlerin ailelerine kar\u015f\u0131 sorumlu tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu yeni yasa tasar\u0131s\u0131 iyi bir ilk ad\u0131md\u0131r. Ancak kanunun tamamen kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine inan\u0131yoruz. Adliye kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n ihmal ve dikkatsizli\u011finden zarar g\u00f6ren ki\u015filere, \u00f6zellikle de en savunmas\u0131z olanlar\u0131m\u0131za bakmakla g\u00f6revli olanlara tamamen kapatan herhangi bir yasa adaletsizdir.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Yeni yasa vali taraf\u0131ndan onayland\u0131 ve bu dokunulmazl\u0131klar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlad\u0131. Tasar\u0131, koronavir\u00fcs d\u0131\u015f\u0131 vakalarla ilgili korumay\u0131 kald\u0131rarak dokunulmazl\u0131k kapsam\u0131n\u0131 daralt\u0131yor. Ayr\u0131ca bu korumalardan koronavir\u00fcs\u00fcn \u201ckorunmas\u0131\u201d ifadesini sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetleri tan\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131karmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bay Ciaccio, Napoli Shkolnik'in huzurevinde ikamet ederken sevdiklerini COVID-19 nedeniyle kaybeden y\u00fczlerce ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan temasa ge\u00e7ildi\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. "Bu vakalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funda, bu huzurevlerinin baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n tamamen haz\u0131rl\u0131ks\u0131z, ihmalkar ve yanl\u0131\u015f bilgilendirildi\u011fine dair hikayeler duyduk" diye payla\u015f\u0131yor. "Ayr\u0131ca, bu huzurevlerinin bir\u00e7o\u011funun, enfeksiyon kontrol\u00fc de dahil olmak \u00fczere, Sa\u011fl\u0131k ve \u0130nsani Hizmetler Departman\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131 bak\u0131mda yetersiz oldu\u011fu tespit edildi."<\/span><\/p>\n

Sevdiklerinin huzurevinde vefat etmesi durumunda nas\u0131l davranacaklar\u0131ndan emin olmayan ve ihmalden \u015f\u00fcphelenenleri \u015fiddetle tavsiye ediyoruz. <\/span>Bize Ula\u015f\u0131n<\/span><\/a> \u00f6zel durumlar\u0131n\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

COVID-19 salg\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131ndan bu yana, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda sa\u011fl\u0131k sistemleri muazzam bir bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda. Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri'nde, sa\u011fl\u0131k uzmanlar\u0131 yaln\u0131zca muazzam bir bask\u0131 alt\u0131na al\u0131nmakla kalm\u0131yor\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":8241,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[792],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8240","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-coronavirus"],"acf":[],"page_builder_type":"gutenberg","gutenberg_data":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8240","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8240"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8240\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8241"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8240"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8240"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8240"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}