Yak\u0131n tarihli bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma, ABD'de otomotiv montaj fabrikas\u0131n\u0131n kapanmas\u0131 ile a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 dozda opioid \u00f6l\u00fcmleri aras\u0131nda bir ili\u015fki oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n
bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak<\/a> otomotiv montaj fabrikas\u0131n\u0131n kapand\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u00e7eleri, fabrikalar\u0131n 1999'dan 2016'ya kadar a\u00e7\u0131k kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u00e7elerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, 18 ila 65 ya\u015flar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki yeti\u015fkinler aras\u0131nda opioid a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 doz \u00f6l\u00fcm oranlar\u0131n\u0131 incelediler ve imalatta \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan sakinlerin y\u00fczdesinin \u00fclke \u00e7ap\u0131nda ilk y\u00fczde 20'de oldu\u011fu, \u00e7o\u011funlukla ABD'nin G\u00fcney ve Orta Bat\u0131's\u0131ndaki 112 imalat b\u00f6lgesini se\u00e7tiler.<\/p>\n 112 il\u00e7eden 29'u 1999 ile 2016 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda kapat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, kapat\u0131lan il\u00e7elerde, kapat\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonraki ilk be\u015f y\u0131l boyunca opioid a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 doz \u00f6l\u00fcmlerinin her y\u0131l artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 buldu.<\/p>\n \u0130lk be\u015f y\u0131ldan sonra dengelendiler.<\/p>\n \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma, "bir tesisin kapat\u0131lmas\u0131ndan be\u015f y\u0131l sonra, \u00f6l\u00fcm oranlar\u0131n\u0131n, maruz kalmayan il\u00e7elere k\u0131yasla, maruz kalan il\u00e7elerde 100.000 ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na 8,6 opioid a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 doz \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131na g\u00f6re 85% art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n, 100.000 ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na 12 \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131nda artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131" buldu. ayn\u0131 zaman noktas\u0131nda maruz kalmayan il\u00e7eler.<\/p>\n Bu, hi\u00e7 kapanmayan \u00fcretim b\u00f6lgeleriyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bir otomotiv montaj fabrikas\u0131n\u0131n kapanmas\u0131, be\u015f y\u0131l sonra opioid a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 doz \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131n\u0131n, fabrika a\u00e7\u0131k kalsayd\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131ndan 85% daha y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ayr\u0131ca bu ili\u015fkinin beyaz erkekleri b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkiledi\u011fini de buldu.<\/p>\n \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma, nedensel bir ili\u015fki de\u011fil, yaln\u0131zca bir ili\u015fki oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlasa da, yani daha fazla ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya ihtiya\u00e7 duyuluyor, bulgular \u00f6nemli.<\/p>\n "\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6nemli \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ekonomik f\u0131rsatlar \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde bunun yaln\u0131zca insanlar\u0131n ekonomik refah\u0131 i\u00e7in de\u011fil, sa\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 da olumsuz y\u00f6nde etkileyebilece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor." s\u00f6z konusu<\/a> \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ilk yazar\u0131 olan Pennsylvania \u00dcniversitesi Perelman T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi'nde yard\u0131mc\u0131 do\u00e7ent olan Dr. Atheendar Venkataramani.<\/p>\n "Ekonomik f\u0131rsatlar sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in \u00f6nemlidir ve insanlar i\u00e7in ekonomik f\u0131rsatlar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiren g\u00fc\u00e7ler geli\u015fmeye devam ederken, politikalar\u0131n hem insanlar\u0131 - sa\u011fl\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan - hem de meydana gelebilecek olumsuz de\u011fi\u015fikliklere kar\u015f\u0131 diren\u00e7li k\u0131labilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeliyiz. ayr\u0131ca ekonomik a\u00e7\u0131dan ne t\u00fcr politikalar\u0131n asl\u0131nda insanlara sa\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rabilecek f\u0131rsatlar sunabilece\u011fini de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeliyiz.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n ABD'de her g\u00fcn 130'dan fazla ki\u015fi a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 dozda opioidden \u00f6l\u00fcyor ve g\u00fcnde 46 ki\u015fi re\u00e7eteli opioid doz a\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6l\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n Son 20 y\u0131lda, opioid a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 doz \u00f6l\u00fcmleri o kadar endi\u015fe verici bir oranda artt\u0131 ki, 2017'de Ba\u015fkan Trump bunu bir halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 acil durumu ilan etti.<\/p>\n Kriz, b\u00fcy\u00fck ila\u00e7 firmalar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan opioidler hakk\u0131nda yanl\u0131\u015f bilgilerin yay\u0131lmas\u0131yla ba\u015flad\u0131 ve sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmeti sunucular\u0131n\u0131n opioid re\u00e7etelerinde art\u0131\u015fa yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n Eroin kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde sekseni re\u00e7eteli opioid kullanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n Bu \u00f6l\u00fcm oranlar\u0131, \u00f6zellikle orta ya\u015fl\u0131 beyaz erkekler aras\u0131nda Amerikan ya\u015fam beklentisinin azalmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir fakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 dozda uyu\u015fturucu, ABD'de yaralanmaya ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin \u00f6nde gelen nedenidir ve opioidler, bu a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 dozda uyu\u015fturucu \u00f6l\u00fcmlerinin ana itici g\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n 2017'de a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 dozda opioid nedeniyle \u00f6l\u00fcm oranlar\u0131n\u0131n en y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu eyaletler Bat\u0131 Virginia, Ohio, Pensilvanya, DC ve Kentucky idi.<\/p>\n Ortabat\u0131 b\u00f6lgesi, 2016'dan 2017'ye opioid a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 dozlar\u0131nda y\u00fczde 70'lik bir art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6rd\u00fc.<\/p>\n Ekonomik f\u0131rsatlar, \u00f6zellikle mavi yakal\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar i\u00e7in uyu\u015fturucu ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 dozda b\u00fcy\u00fck rol oynamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u0130\u015fsizlik, yoksulluk, engellilik ve evde istikrars\u0131zl\u0131k, madde kullan\u0131m bozuklu\u011funa ve \u00f6l\u00fcme katk\u0131da bulunan fakt\u00f6rlerdir.<\/p>\n Ekonomik, sosyal ve e\u011fitimsel f\u0131rsatlardan yoksun topluluklarda sosyal altyap\u0131ya yat\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n olumlu bir etkisi olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n Hap fabrikalar\u0131 ve ila\u00e7 \u015firketleri bu ila\u00e7lar\u0131 rastgele topluluklara ak\u0131tmad\u0131, ABD'de ekonomik a\u00e7\u0131dan savunmas\u0131z yerleri se\u00e7tiler.<\/p>\n