{"id":7607,"date":"2018-05-05T18:35:14","date_gmt":"2018-05-05T22:35:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost:10028\/uncategorized\/racial-bias-and-its-effects-on-our-world-today\/"},"modified":"2022-08-18T21:26:09","modified_gmt":"2022-08-19T01:26:09","slug":"irksal-onyargi-ve-bugun-dunya-uzerindeki-etkileri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/tr\/article\/irksal-onyargi-ve-bugun-dunya-uzerindeki-etkileri\/","title":{"rendered":"Irk \u00d6nyarg\u0131s\u0131 ve Bug\u00fcn D\u00fcnyam\u0131za Etkileri"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote><p>\u201cIrk \u00f6nyarg\u0131lar\u0131, bir bireyin anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131, eylemlerini ve kararlar\u0131n\u0131 bilin\u00e7siz bir \u015fekilde etkileyen tutumlar\u0131 veya basmakal\u0131plar\u0131 ifade eden bir \u00f6rt\u00fck \u00f6nyarg\u0131 bi\u00e7imidir. Olumsuz de\u011ferlendirmeleri kapsayan bu \u00f6nyarg\u0131lar, genellikle istemsiz olarak ve bireyin fark\u0131ndal\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya kas\u0131tl\u0131 kontrol\u00fc olmadan etkinle\u015ftirilir. Bilin\u00e7alt\u0131n\u0131n derinliklerinde yer alan bu \u00f6nyarg\u0131lar, bireylerin sosyal ve\/veya politik do\u011fruluk amac\u0131yla gizlemeyi se\u00e7ebilecekleri bilinen \u00f6nyarg\u0131lardan farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri&#039;ndeki su\u00e7 habercili\u011finde \u0131rksal \u00f6nyarg\u0131, bu \u00f6nyarg\u0131n\u0131n bir tezah\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr\u201d (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Racial_bias_in_criminal_news_in_the_United_States\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vikipedi<\/a>).<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2><strong>Konutta Irksal \u00d6nyarg\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Konut sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde uzun s\u00fcredir \u00e7irkin bir kusur var: \u0131rksal \u00f6nyarg\u0131 ve ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k. G\u00fcvenlikli sitelere ve di\u011fer alt b\u00f6l\u00fcmlere ve karma\u015f\u0131k bar\u0131nma d\u00fczenlemelerine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00e7o\u011fu Siyahlar ve Hispanikler olmak \u00fczere aldat\u0131lan, istismar edilen ve haks\u0131z yere zulme u\u011frayan az\u0131nl\u0131k \u0131rklar\u0131n\u0131n bir\u00e7ok \u00f6rne\u011fini g\u00f6receksiniz. 1960&#039;larda gerilim y\u00fcksekti ve kapal\u0131 sitelerdeki Siyah sakinlere y\u00f6nelik tehditler, \u015fiddet eylemleri, sald\u0131r\u0131lar ve di\u011fer zul\u00fcm bi\u00e7imleri yayg\u0131nd\u0131. Ve kendimizi kand\u0131rmamal\u0131y\u0131z. Bu sorun ortadan kalkmam\u0131\u015fken, Trayvon Martin&#039;in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc bu sorunu bir kez daha g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c1960&#039;larda ba\u015flayan takviye fenomeni yava\u015flama belirtisi g\u00f6stermiyor ve Florida&#039;y\u0131 insanlar\u0131 birbirinden ay\u0131ran duvarlar, sokak kal\u0131plar\u0131 ve barikatlar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yaln\u0131zca Kaliforniya&#039;dan sonra ikinci s\u0131raya koyuyor. Bu \u00f6zellikler, daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck su\u00e7 oran\u0131 veya daha istikrarl\u0131 ev de\u011feri vaadini yerine getirmese de, olduk\u00e7a arzu edilir olmaya devam ediyor. Pop\u00fclariteleri, Martin&#039;in mi yoksa Zimmerman&#039;\u0131n m\u0131 \u015f\u00fcpheden yararlanmay\u0131 hak etti\u011fi konusundaki tart\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 karma\u015f\u0131kla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor&quot; (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2012\/03\/28\/opinion\/burton-florida-gates\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CNN<\/a>). Baz\u0131 yerlerin bir \u0131rk i\u00e7in di\u011ferine g\u00f6re daha uygun veya daha uygun oldu\u011fu fikri oldu\u011fu s\u00fcrece, konut end\u00fcstrisinde \u0131rklar aras\u0131nda gerilim devam edecektir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Sunulan Hizmetlerde Irksal \u00d6nyarg\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>\u0130\u015fletmelerin m\u00fc\u015fterilerine davran\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imini etkileyen \u0131rksal \u00f6nyarg\u0131 \u00f6rne\u011fini g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in gazeteyi veya televizyonu a\u00e7man\u0131z yeterli - son Starbuck tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131. \u201cSon kriz, bir arkada\u015f\u0131n\u0131n Philadelphia&#039;daki Rittenhouse Square Starbucks&#039;ta bir toplant\u0131ya gelmesini bekleyen iki gen\u00e7 siyahi Donte Robinson ve Rashon Nelson&#039;\u0131n, bir Starbucks \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n\u0131n polisi aramas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan tutuklanmas\u0131yla ba\u015flad\u0131. Sosyal de\u011ferler s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda kurumsal bir lider olmakla \u00f6v\u00fcnen Starbucks, ya\u015fananlar\u0131 g\u00f6steren bir videonun viral olmas\u0131, kamuoyunda \u00f6fkeye yol a\u00e7mas\u0131 ve \u015firket i\u00e7in bir halkla ili\u015fkiler kabusu olu\u015fturmas\u0131ndan bu yana geni\u015f \u00e7apta ele\u015ftirildi\u2026 Starbucks CEO&#039;su Johnson, Robinson ve Nelson ile bir araya geldi ve hem o hem de Starbucks ba\u015fkan\u0131 Howard Schultz olay i\u00e7in alenen \u00f6z\u00fcr diledi. \u015eirket ayr\u0131ca, \u015firkete ait 8.000&#039;den fazla ABD ma\u011fazas\u0131n\u0131 29 May\u0131s \u00f6\u011fleden sonra bir g\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u0131rksal \u00f6nyarg\u0131 e\u011fitimi i\u00e7in kapataca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duyurdu.<\/p>\n<p>Bu, insanlar\u0131n m\u00fc\u015fterilere ve m\u00fc\u015fterilere sadece tenlerinin renginden dolay\u0131 davran\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imlerini etkileyen \u0131rksal \u00f6nyarg\u0131 ve ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir ba\u015fka talihsiz \u00f6rne\u011fi olsa da, bir umut \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 var. Starbucks, ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bariz sorunlar\u0131 ele almak i\u00e7in ad\u0131mlar at\u0131yor ve bunun bir daha olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 garantilemek i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Daha fazla \u015firket onlar\u0131n liderli\u011fini takip edebilirse, \u0131rksal \u00f6nyarg\u0131ya son vermek i\u00e7in olumlu ad\u0131mlar at\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h2>Tar\u0131mda Irksal \u00d6nyarg\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Medyada periyodik olarak yer almas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, baz\u0131 ki\u015filer 1997&#039;de ABD Tar\u0131m Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131&#039;na (USDA) kar\u015f\u0131 Siyah \u00e7ift\u00e7iler ad\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131lan devasa toplu davadan haberdar olmayabilir. Kongre Ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na g\u00f6re bir raporda Dosyalarda, Siyah \u00e7ift\u00e7ilere y\u0131llarca yerel il\u00e7e komiteleri taraf\u0131ndan k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele edildi\u011fi ve bunlardan yararlan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Ayn\u0131 b\u00f6lgedeki beyaz \u00e7ift\u00e7ilere k\u0131yasla haks\u0131z muamele g\u00f6r\u00fcyorlard\u0131 ve \u00e7iftlik kredileri veya yard\u0131m\u0131 hakk\u0131nda kararlar\u0131 veren komisyon \u00fcyeleri a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u00f6nyarg\u0131 g\u00f6steriyordu. Su\u00e7u daha da k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in USDA, siyah \u00e7ift\u00e7iler taraf\u0131ndan g\u00fcndeme getirilen \u015fikayetleri gerekti\u011fi gibi soru\u015fturmad\u0131.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>&quot;Sonu\u00e7lar baz\u0131 \u00e7ift\u00e7iler i\u00e7in y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131yd\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca kad\u0131nlar\u0131n, Latinlerin ve yerli \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin \u00e7iftlik kredilerinde \u00f6nyarg\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131klar\u0131 ve daha sonra tazminat talep etmelerine izin verilece\u011fi de belirlendi. 1999&#039;da yakla\u015f\u0131k 16.000 Siyahi \u00e7ift\u00e7i i\u00e7in bir anla\u015fmaya var\u0131ld\u0131, ancak son ba\u015fvuru tarihleri ve di\u011fer konularla ilgili kafa kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle anla\u015fma, etkilenen di\u011fer bir\u00e7ok \u00e7ift\u00e7iyi kapsamaya ba\u015flamad\u0131&quot;(<a href=\"https:\/\/everydayfeminism.com\/2015\/02\/less-publicized-racial-bias\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Her G\u00fcn Feminizm<\/a>).<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Siyasi Konularda Irksal \u00d6nyarg\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Bug\u00fcn \u00fclkede bariz bir \u015fekilde bariz bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6r\u00fclen \u0131rksal \u00f6nyarg\u0131n\u0131n son \u00f6rne\u011fi, S\u0131n\u0131r Duvar\u0131&#039;ndan s\u00f6z edilmesi ve belirli \u0131rklar\u0131n \u00fclkeye s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleme konu\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u201cBu s\u0131n\u0131r duvar\u0131 in\u015fa edilirse (masraflar\u0131 ABD vergi m\u00fckelleflerine ait olacak \u015fekilde), muhtemelen 2006 G\u00fcvenli \u00c7it Yasas\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda halihaz\u0131rda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f olan g\u00fcney s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 boyunca 600 millik bariyerlerle pek \u00e7ok ortak noktaya sahip olacakt\u0131r. Proje, hassas ortamlar\u0131 yerle bir etti, uzun s\u00fcredir devam eden m\u00fclkiyet haklar\u0131n\u0131 ayaklar alt\u0131na ald\u0131 ve topluluklar\u0131 ikiye b\u00f6ld\u00fc. \u00c7irkin olmas\u0131 bir yana, ayn\u0131 zamanda pahal\u0131 ve etkisizdi. Her hafta sonu, bariyerle ayr\u0131lan aileler, bir veya iki S\u0131n\u0131r Devriyesi arabas\u0131 beklerken barlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla mahremiyetlerini payla\u015fmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Nihayetinde, Trump&#039;\u0131n yeni bir duvar \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, politikalar\u0131n\u0131n yeni \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler sunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7irkin ger\u00e7e\u011fini gizliyor. Aileleri par\u00e7alayan, kurumlar\u0131 yozla\u015ft\u0131ran ve ABD&#039;yi daha az g\u00fcvenli hale getiren, ge\u00e7mi\u015fin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 ikiye katlarken, ilgili herkes i\u00e7in kazan\u00e7 olabilecek ad\u0131mlar\u0131 g\u00f6rmezden geliyorlar.<\/p>\n<p>Irksal \u00f6nyarg\u0131y\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rman\u0131n veya \u0131rk ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hayat\u0131m\u0131zdan \u00e7\u0131karman\u0131n kesin ve kuru bir yolu yoktur. Ancak y\u00fczle\u015fmemiz ve daha fazla zarar vermeden ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kman\u0131n yollar\u0131n\u0131 bulmam\u0131z gereken d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7irkin bir ger\u00e7e\u011fidir. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ad\u0131mlar, \u0131rk ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6nyarg\u0131, nefret, g\u00fcvensizlik ve korkudan ar\u0131nm\u0131\u015f daha mutlu bir gelecek i\u00e7in fark yaratan bir d\u00fcnya yaratabilir. \u00d6yleyse, d\u00fcnyam\u0131zdaki \u0131rksal \u00f6nyarg\u0131ya son vermek i\u00e7in bug\u00fcn ve yar\u0131n ne yapabilece\u011finizi ve hangi ad\u0131mlar\u0131 atabilece\u011finizi sorun.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cIrk \u00f6nyarg\u0131lar\u0131, bir bireyin anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131, eylemlerini ve kararlar\u0131n\u0131 bilin\u00e7siz bir \u015fekilde etkileyen tutumlar\u0131 veya basmakal\u0131plar\u0131 ifade eden bir \u00f6rt\u00fck \u00f6nyarg\u0131 bi\u00e7imidir. Bu \u00f6nyarg\u0131lar, kapsayan\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7608,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[782],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7607","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-civil-rights"],"acf":[],"page_builder_type":"gutenberg","gutenberg_data":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7607","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7607"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7607\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7608"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7607"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7607"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7607"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}