{"id":5630,"date":"2015-11-11T15:53:44","date_gmt":"2015-11-11T20:53:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost:10028\/practiceareas\/pesticide-use\/"},"modified":"2022-06-21T16:53:57","modified_gmt":"2022-06-21T20:53:57","slug":"utilisation-de-pesticides","status":"publish","type":"practiceareas","link":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/fr\/domaines-de-pratique-2\/utilisation-de-pesticides\/","title":{"rendered":"Utilisation de pesticides"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Bien que les pesticides aient r\u00e9volutionn\u00e9 l&#039;industrie agricole, les produits chimiques qu&#039;ils contiennent peuvent \u00e9galement \u00eatre toxiques pour l&#039;homme. \u00c9tant donn\u00e9 que les pesticides peuvent avoir des effets n\u00e9fastes sur la sant\u00e9 et l&#039;environnement, il est essentiel que, si vous avez \u00e9t\u00e9 bless\u00e9 par le contact avec un pesticide, vous contactiez un <a href=\"\/fr\/domaines-de-pratique-2\/contentieux-environnemental\/\">avocat exp\u00e9riment\u00e9<\/a> d\u00e8s que possible.<\/p>\n<h3>Effets sur la sant\u00e9<\/h3>\n<p>L&#039;exposition aux pesticides par inhalation peut causer une vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de probl\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9 b\u00e9nins, comme une irritation des yeux et de la peau, mais elle peut aussi avoir des effets beaucoup plus graves. Par exemple, une exposition \u00e0 long terme \u00e0 de faibles doses <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2984095\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pesticides<\/a> peut entra\u00eener une suppression du syst\u00e8me immunitaire, une perturbation hormonale, des probl\u00e8mes de reproduction et le cancer. Parmi les autres probl\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9 plus g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9s caus\u00e9s par le contact avec les pesticides, mentionnons :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mal de t\u00eate;<\/li>\n<li>Naus\u00e9e;<\/li>\n<li>Fatigue;<\/li>\n<li>Vomissement; et<\/li>\n<li>Engourdissement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Effets environnementaux<\/h3>\n<p>When sprayed, pesticides are often carried by the wind to other locations. It has even been estimated that as much as 25 percent of pesticides hit non-target vegetation, air, or soil, and that, after a few days, up to 90 percent of the applied chemical can have spread into its surroundings. Groundwater pollution from pesticides has also become a worldwide problem, with the United States Geological Survey reporting that at least 143 pesticide have been found in ground water across the country, in 43 states. This is especially problematic, as it can take years for ground water contamination to dissipate, and cleanup is difficult and extremely expensive.<\/p>\n<p>Pesticides can also reduce biodiversity by destroying habitats and endangering numerous species. For instance, in the late nineties, the use of DDT as a pesticide was directly linked to the thinning of eggshells and the subsequent decline in the bald eagle population.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>R\u00e9glementation f\u00e9d\u00e9rale<\/h3>\n<p>La Loi f\u00e9d\u00e9rale sur les insecticides, les fongicides et les rodenticides (FIFRA) a cr\u00e9\u00e9 un syst\u00e8me de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/7\/chapter-6\/subchapter-II\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">r\u00e9gulation<\/a> that requires all pesticides to be registered with the USDA. Additionally, all products must have a list of ingredients and directions for use displayed on their labels.<\/p>\n<p>The Federal Environmental Pesticide Control Act (FEPCA) requires that, for a pesticide to be registered with the EPA, it must not cause unreasonable adverse effects on the environment.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Responsabilit\u00e9 juridique<\/h3>\n<p>G\u00e9n\u00e9ralement, une personne bless\u00e9e par un pesticide doit d\u00e9montrer que :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Le d\u00e9fendeur, qu&#039;il s&#039;agisse d&#039;un fabricant, d&#039;un distributeur, d&#039;un employeur ou d&#039;une autre partie, avait une obligation de diligence raisonnable envers la personne l\u00e9s\u00e9e\u00a0;<\/li>\n<li>Le d\u00e9fendeur a manqu\u00e9 \u00e0 cette obligation\u00a0; et<\/li>\n<li>Ce faisant, a caus\u00e9 un pr\u00e9judice au demandeur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Under a negligence theory, manufacturers may be held liable for an injury if a pesticide is found to contain harmful ingredients. Employers can also be held accountable for injuries to their employees if they failed to provide adequate safety guidelines, such as requiring the use of goggles or gloves. Pest control companies and even neighbors can be held liable if they injured someone by their negligent acts.<\/p>\n<p>Pesticides can have devastating health- and environment-related effects. If you have been injured by a pesticide, please contact one of our <a href=\"\/fr\/domaines-de-pratique-2\/contentieux-environnemental\/\">avocats exp\u00e9riment\u00e9s en environnement \u00e0 Napoli Shkolnik, Avocats en droit, au (212) 397-1000<\/a>, pour une consultation gratuite.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Although pesticides have revolutionized the agricultural industry, the chemicals contained in them can also be toxic to humans. Because pesticides can have such detrimental health and environmental related effects, it&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":5631,"menu_order":207,"template":"","practiceareas_category":[744],"class_list":["post-5630","practiceareas","type-practiceareas","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","practiceareas_category-environmental-litigation"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/practiceareas\/5630","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/practiceareas"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/practiceareas"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/practiceareas\/5630\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5631"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5630"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"practiceareas_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/napolilaw.lemonadestand.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/practiceareas_category?post=5630"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}